Pneumatic tool.



PATENTED MAY 17, 1904.

R. W. FUNK.

PNEUMATIG TOOL.

APPLITION FILED JUNE 12, 1902. RENEWED APR. 6, 1904.

NO MODEL.

"Il IIN"A Ellfk mz noms Pneus w. Puorumo.. sumeroN u c UNrrnn STATES Patentedmay 17, 1904.

,PATENT OFFICE.

' RICHARD WV'. FUNK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HUDSON MA- CHINE AND PNEUMATIC TOOL CO., OF JERSEY CITY, NEI/V JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 760,329, dated May 1?, 1904.

l Application led .I une l2, 1902. Renewed .lprl 6,1904. Serial No. 201,913. (No model.)

To all wir/m, t may concern: Y

Be it known that I, RICHARD W. FUNK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic tools; and it has for its object to provide an improved device of this class which will be positive and rapid in operation, light in weight, relatively simple in construction, and not likely to get out of repairl and which will be generally superior in point of efficiency.'

A further particular object of this invention consists in the provision of means where by the supply and exhaust of the operating or pressure medium are jointly controlled, preferably under the control of the drivenor operated element.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pneumatic tool embodying my invention, Vseveral of the parts being shown in full. i Fig. 2 is a transverse seetional View taken upon the line X X, Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the appended arrow. Fig. 3 is a similar view taken upon the line Y Y, Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the appended arrow. Fig. 4 is a detail longitudinal sectional view of several ol the particular features of improvement.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are denoted by the same reference characters.`

Referring With particularity to the drawings, my improved pneumatic tool, `which in the present disclosure consists of a pneumatic hand riveter or hammer, embodies a tubular barrel member 1, a hammer member 2, which plays longitudinally thereof and within a bore or chamber 3 therein, a handle member l, air-inlet means 4, air-outlet means 5, airsupply means 6, and controlling means 7 for said air-supply means 6. lhe air-inlet means 41 and air-outlet means 5 are preferably associated with the barrel member 1, and the airsupply means 6 and controlling means 7 are preferably associated with the handle memi ber l Suitable ports and passages are provided for the admission, circulation, and dis- 1 charge of the compressed air in the operation i of the tool to cause the reciprocation of the hammer member 2 within the chamber 3, all of which will be hereinafter described.

In the preferred form of construction the barrel member 1 consists of a metallic tubeS ofthe required diameter and Within which is formed the bore o1' chamber 3. The outer end of the tube 8 is closed by a metallic bushing 9, the extreme end of the tube being `crimped about the bushing, as at 10. Ihe

. tool proper, 11, iits within the bushing 9 and extends into the chamber 3 in position to be engaged by the hammer member 2. The handle member 1L is connected with the inner end of the tube 8, as at 12, being preferably forced over the same.

The air-inlet means 4 are embodied 'in a` supplemental locking means 16 are provided,4 which lock the handle member iirmly in con` nection with thel plug 13 and prevent unscrewing of the latter. rIhe plug' 13 is plurally bored radially to receive a plurality of radial tubular valve-casings 17, within which are mounted, respectively, a plurality of ball valves 18. The inner ends of said valve-casings 17 are slightly reduced in inner diameter to form valve-seats 19. Said valve-casings 17 communicate at their inner ends with an outwardly-flaring air-chamber 20, formed in the plug 13, and communicate, respectively, at their outer ends with a plurality of inlet-ports 2l, formed radially in theinner end of the tube 8, and also communicating with an annular channel 22, formed in the handle member 1*.

The air-supply means 6 embodies an airpassage 23, formed within the handle member 1 and communicating with the annular channel 22. By this formation and arrangement of parts air will always be supplied to the ValVe-casings 17 when the plug' is screwed into position to bring the same into communication with the inlet-ports 21.

The hammer member 2 is preferably of cylindrical formation, fitting the formation of the chamber 2, and embodies a body portion 24 and an enlarged head portion 25. The outer end portion 3u of the chamber 3 is formed to exactly fit the body portion 24 of the hammer member', and the inner end portion of the chamber 3D is formed to exactly lit the enlarged head portion 25 'of the hammer member. An annular shoulder 26 is thus formed in the chamber 3 at the line of connection of the portions 3u and 3b of the chamber 3.

The air-outlet means 5 embody an outletvalve 27, loosely connected with the hammer member 2, and an outlet-valve seat 28, formed centrally in the plug 13 and communicating with the air-chamber 2() and with an exhaustport 29, which in turn communicates with a plurality of radial exhaust-passages 30,formed in the plug 13 and communicating at their outer ends with an annular channel 31, which at all times communicates with an outlet-port 32,i`ormed in the handle member 1L at the lower side of the same. By this formation of parts the exhaust-port 29 is always in communication with the outlet-port 32 when the plug 13 is screwed home in the barrel member. The outlet-valve 27 is carried upon avalve-stem 33,

' which is slidably mounted within a longitudinal chamber 34, formed in the hammer member 2. The inner end of the valve-stem 33 is enlarged, as at 35, to exactly fit the inner dimen-` sions of the chamber 34, and the outer end of the valve-stem 33 is similarly enlarged, as at 36. A coil-spring 37 is interposed between the enlarged outer end of the valve-stem 33 and the outer end of the chamber 34. Two rollers 38 are mountedin suitable bearings formed by slightly recessing the walls of the chamber 34 at opposite points adjacent to the inner end of said chamber 34, the peripheries of said rollers extending into the chamber 34, vand the valve-stem 33 plays between said rollers 38 in its movement. The sliding movement of the valve-stem 33 is limited by the contact of the enlarged end portions 35 and 36 of thevvalvestem 33 with the rollers 38. The valve-seat 28 and the valve-casings 17 are so relatively arranged and proportioned and the outletvalve 27 is so proportioned that when said valve 27 is seated the outer end portion or larger end of the same, said outlet-valve 27 being of truncated conical formation, will be engaged with said ball-valves 18 slightly inwardly ot' a plane passing through the centers of the same and in such manner as to unseat said ball-valves. The pressure of the air upon the ball-valves will operate to hold the outlet# valve 27 in seated position until the latter is positively unseated in the manner hereinafter described.

A return air-supply channel 39 is formed in the outer surface of the inner end of Athe tube 8 within the portion of the handle member 1CL which encircles the barrel member, and said channel 39 communicates at its inner end with the annular channel 22 in the handle member and extends longitudinally through the wall of the tube`8 to a point slightly inwardly of the shoulder 26 in the chamber 3, at which point, as at 40, it communicates with the inner end portion 31 of the chamber 3.

A supplemental exhaust-port 41 is formed in the barrel member 1, whereby the chamber 3 communicates at its outer .end with the outer air, and the hammer member 2 is slightly cut away at the outer end of the body member 24, as at 42, to permit of communication of the inner end portion 3b of the chamber 3 with the outer end portion 3 of said chamber when said hammer member is in extreme inward pO- sition, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

The supplemental locking means 16 may consist of a spring-catch 43, carried by the handle member 1IL and embodying a pointed head 44, arranged within an opening 45 in the handle member 11 in position for engagement with a series of serrations 46, formed upon the periphery ot' the plug 13.

The handle member l in the preferred form of construction is of curved formation, as illustrated in Fig.V 1, embodying an annular inner end portion 47 and an enlarged outer end portion or grip 48. At the extreme end of the grip 48 is formed a threaded compressed-air connection 49, which communicates with an inner air-chamber 50, which in turn communicates with the air-passage 23 by means ot' a valve-seat 5l, which is embodied in the controlling means 7. The latter further embodies a conical controlling-valve 52, which fits the valve-seat 51, the latter being also of conical formation, and said controlling-valve 52 is mounted upon a sliding valve-stem 53, housed within the handle member lu and provided at its upper endwith a rack 54, with which is engaged a pivoted toothed head 55, operated byv a thumb-lever 56 to reciprocate the valve-stem 53 and unseat the controllingvalve 52. mally seated by the air-pressure in the airchamber 50. The racked end of the valvestem 53 and the toothed head 55 are all housed within a suitable chamber 57 ,formed in the handle member 1a. The valve-stem 53 is reduced in diameter adjacent the valve 52, as at A58, to permit the admission of air when the valve is unseated.

The operation and advantages of my improvements in pneumatic tools will be readily understood. Compressed air or any other The controlling-valve 52 is nor.

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IIO

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suitable actuating or pressure medium is continuously admitted through the connection at 49 into the chamber 50, and the controllingvalve 52 is normally seated cutting ofi' the airfrom the working parts of the tool. l/Vhen the thumb-lever 56 is depressed by the operator, who grasps the handle member 1a firmly, the valve 52-is unseated, and the air passes through the passage 23 and into the annular channel 22, whence it passes to the valvecasings 17 through the inlet-ports21- The ballvalves 18 are normally seated by the pressure of the air in the Valve-casings 17; but when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, which is the position immediately previous to the outward actuation of the hammer member 2, the outlet-valve 29 being seated maintains the ball-valves 18 away from their seats 19, and the air-passes into the air-chamber 2O in the plug 13 and forces the hammer member2 outwardly into engagement with the tool proper, 11. Atapredetermined phase of this outward movement of the hammer member the enlarged outer end portion 39 of the valvestem 33 is engaged with the rollers 38, which project into the chamber 34, and the Valve 27 is positively unseated. Previous to such unseating the pressure of the air upon the ball-Valves 18 retains said valve 27 in seated position, the outer or larger end of said valve 27 lying in a plane slightly inwardly of a plane passing through the centers of said ball-valves, as above described. As soon as the outlet-valve 27 is unseated the same passes into the chamber 20, opening up the exhaust-` port 29 and allowing the ball-valves 18 to seat and cut off the air-supply for the outward actuation of the hammer member. The air in the inner end portion 31 of the chamber 3 and in the chamber 2O is thus exhausted through the outlet-port 32, this exhaustion continuing during the inward movement of the hammer member 2 under actuation of the air supplied bythe return air-supply through the channel 39. Although air is continuously admitted to the inner end portion 3b of the chamber 3 through the return air-supply channel 39, the surface areas of the shoulder 26 in the chamber 3 and of the inner surface of the enlarged head 25 of the hammer member 2, between which parts the air thus supplied is received, are relatively so small that the outward actuation of the hammer properl is not interfered with. The air in this space is, however, intermittently exhausted when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1 by passing around the shoulder 26 at 42 and outwardly through the supplemental exhaustport 41. The impact of seating the valve 27 is taken up by the coil-spring 37 in the chamber 34. The outwardly-Haring formation of the chamber 2O provides for the housing of the valve 27 when the same is unseated without obstructing the exhaust.

It will be noted that the outlet-valve controis the inlet-valves and is in turn actuated and controlled by the hammer member, which i operative association of parts causes a perfect and harmonious sequence of operations of the several parts. The arrangement of the outlet-port 32 at the bottom of the tool enables the draft occasioned thereby to be utilized in blowing' away chips and dust from the work. y

The entire tool is relatively simple in construction and of exceedingrapidity in operation and is not liable to get out of order under continual usage.

v It is manifest that the air-inlet means 4 and the air-outlet means 5 and the Valve mechanism wherein the same are embodied may be employed in connection with the use of power or pressure mediums other than air, `such as steam or gases, and may control the actuation of and be associated with driven or operated elements other than the hammer member 2,

` the essential features of the present invention consisting inthe provision of a valve mechanism embodying' jointly-controlled inlet means, such as 4, and outlet means, such as 5, for a power or pressure medium.

I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to the particular construction and relative arrangement of parts as described and shown, but reserve the right to'vary the same in adapting my improvements to varying con` ditions of usage without departing from the spirit of my invention or the terms of the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In an improved device 'of the class described, a barrel member, a hammer member slidable therein, an air-inlet in the barrel member, an inlet-valve for the air-inlet, an airoutlet in the barrel member, and an outletvalve for the air-outlet actuated by the ham-` mer member and controlling said inlet-valve.

2. In an improved device of the class described, a barrel member, a hammer member slid able therein, an air-inlet in the barrel member, an inlet-valve for said air-inlet, an airoutlet in the barrel member, and an outlet- Valve for the airoutlet loosely connected with the hammer member and controlling said inlet-valve.

3. In an improved device of the class de scribed, a barrel member, a hammer member slidable therein, an air-inlet in the barrel n1ember. an inlet-valve for the air-inlet normally seated by the pressure of the air, an air-outlet in the barrel member, and an outlet-valve for the air-outlet actuated by the hammer melnber and controlling said inlet-valve.

4. In an improved device of the class described, a barrel member, a hammer member slidable therein, an air-inlet in the barrel member inward of the hammer member, an inletvalve for said air-inlet, an air-outlet inward. of the hammer member, an outlet-valve for IOO IIO

saidair-outlet controlled by said hammer member and controlling said inlet-valve, and an air-supply in said barrel member outward of a portion of said hammer member.

f 5. An improved device of the class described, comprising a barrel member, a hammer member slidable therein, air-inlet means arranged at the inner end of said barrel mem? 6. In an improved device of the class described, a barrel member, a hammer member slidable therein,.pressure-inlet means in the barrel member, and pressure-outlet means in the barrel member; said pressure-inlet means embodying a ball-valve, a valve-casing for said ball-valve arranged radially of the barrel member and provided at its inner end with a seat,

and means for supplying pressure to said valve-casing; and said pressure-outlet means embodying an exhaustport, and a conical valve for said exhaust-port connected with said hammer member and arranged to'maintain said ball-valve in unseated position when said conical valve is in seated position.

In testimony Whereoil I have signed my name in the presence of the subscribing Witnesses.

RICHARD W. FUNK.

Vitnesses:

CHARLY WOLF, RAYMOND I. BLAKESLEE. 

